Teamwork Exercise: Force Field Analysis
Exercise Purpose
The force field analysis, the technique of analyzing the conditions that support or restrain a given outcome, was developed by Kurt Lewin. Use of a force field analysis can be an effective way to both analyze an existing set of conditions and determine the most effective methods to move closer to a desired outcome.
Exercise Instructions
- Use a large sheet of flipchart paper and draw a diagram of a force field like the one on the next page.
- Write the goal you are working toward on the right-hand side of the diagram.
- Select the forces that are supporting or driving the achievement of the goal. Above each arrow pointing toward the goal, write one of these driving forces.
- Next, determine the restraining forces that are impeding progress toward the goal. Write these above the arrows pointing away from the goal.
- The extent to which you are achieving your goal can be assessed as the balance of supporting and restraining factors. The present situation is determined by these opposing forces. If you can alter the forces, the situation will change. Examine the diagram and evaluate those forces that are most notably impeding progress. For example, which restraining force(s) seems to be having the most significant effect? If it were removed, would the situation change enough to enable you to meet your goal? If so, how can you remove it? If it cannot be removed, would removal of several other forces provide the desired outcome?
- Next, examine the driving forces. What can be done to increase the power of the driving forces that would offset the restraining forces? Can new driving forces be created to shift the balance?
- Select the three most potent actions that would shift the balance in favor of achievement of your goal. Discuss and develop an action plan to address each.
Eliminating or mitigating restraining forces will enable the driving forces to push through the status quo, making achievement of the goal possible.
Adapted from Lewin, K. Field theory in social science; selected theoretical papers. D. Cartwright (Ed.). New York: Harper & Row, 1951.